Den transgendernoy vidimosti: 10 trans-personazhey v serialakh

«So skol'kimi translyud'mi vy rabotaete, uchites' ili zhivete?»

Dlya bol'shinstva otvet — «ni s odnim». Eto vopros, nad kotorym stoit zadumat'sya, osobenno segodnya, 29 yanvarya, v Den' transgendernoy vidimosti.

LGBTQ-povestka vse chashche pronikaet v obshchestvennyy diskurs i, kak sledstvie, na televidenie. Odnako, nesmotrya na progress, put' eshche dlinnyy, osobenno dlya translyudey, kotorye stalkivayutsya s nevidimost'yu i zamolchivaniem dazhe chashche, chem gey-soobshchestvo ili lesbiyanki, vo vsekh sferakh zhizni — inogda dazhe vnutri dvizheniy, kotorye dolzhny zashchishchat' ikh prava. Pomimo ignorirovaniya, sushchestvuet transfobiya, i khotya v Brazilii ona yavlyayetsya ugolovnym prestupleniem (priravnivayetsya k gomofobii), strana po-prezhnemu zanimaet odno iz pervykh mest v mire po kolichestvu ubiystv translyudey.

Nesmotrya na eti trudnosti, sushchestvuyut razlichnye sotsial'nye gruppy, boryushchiesya za prava transgendernykh lyudey. Eta tema, khotya i obsuzhdayetsya v uzkikh krugakh, nachinayet poluchat' vnimanie blagodarya YouTube-blogeram i nekotorym televizionnym proektam, kotorye pytayutsya otrazit' — pust' dazhe poverkhnostno — trans-povestku. V chest' Dnya transgendernoy vidimosti my sobrali neskol'ko personazhey iz serialov, takikh kak Orange is The New Black i Transparent, potomu chto ob etom vazhno pomnit' — i etu temu nuzhno podnimat', kak my uzhe delali na Pixel TV ranee.

Linda Murkland (All That Glitters)


All That Glitters stala pervym televizionnym serialom v SShA, v kotorom poyavilsya trans-personazh. V myl'noy opere 1977 goda, povestvuyushchey o budnyakh korporatsii Globatron, ispol'zovalas' satira na gendernye roli: zhenshchiny dominirovali, a muzhchiny podvergalis' ob'ektivatsii. Po syuzhetu, rukovoditelyam Globatron nuzhna model' dlya novoy kampanii, i ey stanovitsya Linda Murkland, trans-zhenshchina. Rol' ispolnila tsizgendernaya aktrisa Linda Grey, no dlya togo vremeni eto byl znachimyy shag v storonu vidimosti.

Sofiya Berzet (Orange Is The New Black)


Sofiya (Lavern Koks) — odna iz zaklyuchennykh zhenskoy tyur'my Lichfild v seriale Netflix Orange Is The New Black. Na protyazhenii syuzheta ona stalkivayetsya s zhestkoy transfobiey kak so storony zaklyuchennykh, tak i personala. Kul'minatsiya nastupayet v tret'em sezone, kogda iz-za intrig Aleidy (Elizabet Rodriges) Sofiya podvergayetsya travle i vynuzhdena prosit' o pomeshchenii v karantinnuyu odinochnuyu kameru radi sobstvennoy bezopasnosti. Lavern Koks, sama yavlyayushchayasya trans-zhenshchinoy, stala pervoy trans-aktrisoy, nominirovannoy na «Emmi».

Nomi Marks (Sense8)


Serial Sense8 pokazal vazhnost' integratsii translyudey v real'nuyu zhizn', priglasiv na rol' Nomi trans-aktrisu Dzheymi Kleyton. Nomi stalkivayetsya s dvoynoy diskriminatsiey (kak trans-zhenshchina i lesbiyanka), no ispol'zuyet svoi navyki khakera, chtoby borot'sya za ravenstvo. Stoit otmetit', chto sozdatel'nitsy seriala, sestry Lilli i Lana Vachovski, takzhe proshli cherez transgendernyy perekhod.

Koul (The Fosters)


V seriale The Fosters (ABC Family) personazh Koul, kotorogo igrayet trans-akter Tom Felan, vvoditsya kak drug Kelli Dzheykob. Koul stalkivayetsya s problemami dazhe v sisteme opeki (ego pomeshchayut v priyut dlya devochek). Ego istoriya zatragivayet vazhnye temy, naprimer, diskriminatsiyu pri ispol'zovanii muzhskogo tualeta. Ego personazh prokhodit put' ot agressivnosti k otkrytosti na protyazhenii 10 epizodov.

Noa (Faking It)


Podrostkovyy serial Faking It (MTV) v tret'em sezone vvel personazha Noa, kotorogo sygral trans-akter Elliot Fletcher. Noa stanovitsya interesnym personazhem dlya Sheyna, chto stalo vazhnym shagom dlya molodezhnogo televideniya v plane normalizatsii trans-tematiki.

Yunik Adams (Glee)


V myuzikle Glee personazh Yunik (Aleks Nyuell) poyavlyayetsya v 4-m sezone. Yunik — eto al'ter-ego Ueyda Adamsa, kotoryy chuvstvuyet sebya soboy tol'ko v zhenskoy odezhde. Serial pokazyvayet slozhnosti, s kotorymi stalkivayetsya Yunik, vklyuchaya travlyu v tualetakh, i vazhnost' podderzhki druzey.

Bak Vu (The OA)


Ien Aleksandr, 14-letniy podrostok, poluchil rol' Baka Vu v seriale The OA posle togo, kak otkliknulsya na ob'yavlenie Netflix. Bak — aziatskiy trans-podrostok, kotoryy ne yavlyayetsya «zhertvoy» v privychnom ponimanii: on poyet v khore, obshchitel'en i silen. Serial zatragivayet temu trudnostey v otnosheniyakh s roditelyami i problemu dostupa k gormonal'noy terapii dlya podrostkov.

Aleksis Mid (Ugly Betty)


V 2007 godu serial Ugly Betty sdelal smelyy shag, pokazav perekhod ot muzhchiny (Aleksandra) k zhenshchine (Aleksis). Eto byla odna iz pervykh popytok pokazat' trans-perekhod v populyarnom shou, gde personazh snachala schitalsya pogibshim, a zatem vernulsya v novom kachestve.

Maks Suini (The L Word)


V seriale The L Word personazh Moira (Daniela Si) prokhodit cherez trans-perekhod, stanovyas' Maksom Suini. Serial podrobno pokazyvayet fizicheskie i psikhologicheskie aspekty perekhoda, vklyuchaya ispol'zovanie bintov dlya ubyvaniya grudi i vnutrenniy konflikt personazha.

Maura Pfefferman (Transparent)


Transparent — eto serial, gde transgendernost' yavlyayetsya tsentral'noy temoy. Istoriya Maury, kotoraya sovershayet kam-aut v pozdnem vozraste, zatragivayet vseyu yeye sem'yu. Khotya ispolnenie roli Dzheffri Tamborom vyzvalo diskussii o tom, dolzhny li tsiz-aktery igrat' trans-personazhey, v seriale takzhe zadeystvovany trans-aktrisy, takie kak Aleksandra Billings i Treys Layzett.

V brazil'skoy teleindustrii trans-personazhey po-prezhnemu krayne malo. Odnim iz nemnogikh primerov stala Zhanett v seriale Supermax (Rede Globo) v ispolnenii trans-aktrisy Marii Klary Spinelli. Nesmotrya na to, chto televidenie vse eshche ne stalo polnoy ploshchadkoy dlya razrusheniya nevidimosti, vazhno prodolzhat' bor'bu za to, chtoby translyudi byli predstavleny v SMI, stalkivalis' s men'shim predubezhdeniem i chuvstvovali sebya prinyatymi v obshchestve.